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量熱儀操作過程中顯示的煤的彈筒發熱量、高位發熱量和低位發熱量之間有什麽區別？

发布时间：2013-03-06 点击次数：1829次

   量热仪发热量热容量标定
    鶴壁市華通分析儀器有限公司主要对于煤质化验设备以及量热仪等器材进行研制与开发，在进行这些研究的基础上是需要良好的知识基础。下面我们就煤的发热量进行讨论。
    煤的彈筒發熱量是指單位質量的煤樣在熱量計的彈筒中經過量的高壓氧氣燃燒後産生的熱量。在這種條件下燃燒時，煤中原有的水和氫元素燃燒後生成的水冷凝在彈筒中。而氮在空氣中燃燒時仍以遊離態逸出，不産生熱量，但在彈筒中燃燒時卻成爲二氧化氮或者五氧化二氮的高價氧化物，這些氮化物溶解于彈筒內的水後生成硝酸而産生熱量。煤中的可燃硫化合物在空氣中燃燒時只聲場二氧化硫氣體，但在彈筒中燃燒時卻氧化成三氧化硫，它溶于彈筒內的水後成爲硝酸而産生爲硫酸。從二氧化硫氧化成三氧化硫，以及硫酸溶于水生成硫酸水化物等都是放熱反應。這就清楚地表明，煤在彈筒中燃燒時産生的熱量要比空氣中燃燒時産生的熱量多。因此，在實用上常常以彈筒發熱量中減去硝酸和硫酸的生成熱後的熱值，成爲“高位發熱量”。
    计算煤的高位发热量时水以液态存在，而煤在工业锅炉中燃烧时水呈气态蒸发，而水由液体变成蒸汽需要吸收部分热量。因此在实际燃烧时可以利用的热量比煤的高位发热量要低，也就是说必须从高位发热量中减去水的汽化热，才是煤的有效热量。这种热量称为煤的低位发热量。
    以上是鶴壁華通工作人員爲大家總結的煤的彈筒發熱量、高位發熱量和低位發熱量之間的關系，希望對您有所幫助。

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